Pronouns
Pronouns are words used to replace nouns or noun phrases.
For example, if you want to talk about a person named “Mary,” you say “Mary is a nice person. She always greets me in the morning.” . In that sentence, “she” is used to refer to “Mary.” Otherwise, your description will sound repetitive and awkward, like “Mary is a nice person. Mary always greets me in the morning.”
Here are some of the most common pronouns you should know.
Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns refer to specific people or things and can change based on person, number and gender.
English Personal Pronouns | How It's Used | Example Sentence |
---|---|---|
I | Used when you are talking about yourself. Instead of saying your name, you can use the word I. | I am happy today. |
you | Refers to another person you are talking to directly | What do you think? |
he | Used when you are talking about a male, but not talking to the male directly | My dad is funny. He tells me jokes. |
she | Used when you are talking about a female, but not talking to the female directly | She is reading a book. |
it | Refers to a thing or animal with no gender | Our house is new. It is small and white. |
we | Refers to a group of people you are part of | We like going to the movies. |
they | Refers to a group of people or things not included in the conversation | The students in the class are tired. They need a break. |
Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns talk about specific people, things or ideas.
English Demonstrative Pronouns | Meaning and Usage | Example Sentence |
---|---|---|
this | Refers to a single thing that is near | This is a beautiful ring. |
that | Refers to a single thing that is far | Look at that! It's a wonderful fireworks display. |
these | Refers to multiple things nearby | These are the flowers my beloved gave me yesterday. |
those | Refers to multiple things farther away | Those are called ravens. |
Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions about people or things.
English Interrogative Pronouns | What It Asks About | Example Sentence |
---|---|---|
what | things or actions | What is your favorite color? |
which | choices or options | Which book do you want to read? |
who | people | Who is coming to the party tonight? |
whom | object of a sentence | Whom did you invite to the event? |
whose | possession or ownership | Whose car is parked outside? |
Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns indicate ownership or possession of something.
English Possessive Pronouns | Who the Pronoun Indicates Is the Owner | Example Sentence |
---|---|---|
mine | you | The black jacket is mine. |
yours | the person you are talking to | The blue bike is yours. |
his | a male person being talked about | His black coat looks good. |
hers | a female person being talked about | The red bag is hers. |
ours | a group you are part of | The big house is ours. |
theirs | a group you are talking about | The white boat is theirs. |
Reflexive Pronouns
Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and object of a sentence are the same. They are also used to show that something is being done by the subject without any help.
English Reflexive Pronouns | Type | Example Sentence |
---|---|---|
myself | First person singular | I will do the dishes myself. |
yourself | Second person singular or plural | You should be proud of yourself. |
himself | Third person singular masculine | He taught himself to play the guitar. |
herself | Third person singular feminine | She bought the dress herself. |
itself | Third person singular neutral or no gender | The cat can clean itself. |
ourselves | First person plural | We prepared the dinner ourselves. |
yourselves | Second person plural | You can fix the problem yourselves. |
themselves | Third person plural | The students organized the event themselves. |
Indefinite Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns refer to non-specific people or things.
English Indefinite Pronouns | Meaning and Usage | Example Sentence |
---|---|---|
anyone | Refers to any person or people | Anyone can join the club. |
anything | Refers to any thing or things | We can eat anything for dinner. |
anywhere | Refers to any place or places | We can go anywhere for vacation. |
someone | Refers to a specific unknown person or people | Someone is waiting for you at the door. |
something | Refers to a specific unknown thing or things | I saw something strange in the woods. |
somewhere | Refers to a specific unknown place or places | Let's go somewhere new this weekend. |
everyone | Refers to every person | Everyone enjoyed the party. |
everything | Refers to every thing | She knows everything about computers. |
everywhere | Refers to every place | The festival attracts visitors from everywhere. |
nobody | Refers to no person | Nobody was present at the meeting. |
nothing | Refers to no thing | He said nothing during the entire class. |
nowhere | Refers to no place | The lost keys are nowhere to be found. |
somebody | Refers to a specific unknown person or people (more casual than "someone") | Somebody left their umbrella in the café. |
anybody | Refers to any person or people (more casual than "anyone") | Anybody can participate in the talent show. |